The CAA regulates and issues air transportation and navigation, airworthiness, and other technical directives that apply to all aircraft flying into or out of the Kingdom of Bahrain. As part of its regulatory role, the CAA also serves as the governing body for setting laws and regulations related to aviation issues and is responsible for ensuring that all stakeholders comply with and commit to all regulations while meeting their obligations. The CAA also assumes responsibility for the issuing of licenses, permits and certification for various activities including aircraft registration, personnel licenses, aircraft operations, and airline schedules. The CAA is also responsible for providing meteorological services including weather reports and forecasts as well as meteorological information.

Directorates falling within the Civil Aviation Affairs:

Aeronautical Licensing: Responsible for the Flight Safety Oversight of Bahrain’s aviation industry and ensuring compliance with established regulations as per the Bahrain Civil Aviation Law, Air Navigation Technical Regulations (ANTR), and the ICAO Standard and Recommended Practices (SARPs). The Directorate is also responsible for issuing licenses related to aircraft operations and airworthiness.

Air Navigation Systems: Responsible for providing technical support for all related systems, including radars, ground-to-air and ground-to-ground communication, navigational aids, and meteorology. Also responsible for managing the Ministry's LAN and telephone services, implementing CAA projects related to ANSD, and assisting the ATMD in upholding the highest safety standards to meet ICAO requirements.

Air Traffic Management: Responsible for managing Air Traffic Control Services within the Bahrain Flight Information Region and Bahrain International Airport, including Aeronautical Information Management, Airspace Planning, and Search and Rescue services, ensuring compliance with ICAO standards and recommendations. Also tasked with planning and executing relevant regional and international enhancement projects.

Air Transport: Responsible for air transport regulations, conventions, bilateral and multilateral agreements and airline schedule permission in addition to issuing licenses for cargo, and other aviation activities.

Aviation Safety and Security: Responsible for ensuring compliance with safety standards for all airport service providers, operators, and air navigation, as outlined in the Civil Aviation Regulation documents, the National Civil Aviation Security Program, and the safety and security standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

Meteorology: Responsible for delivering meteorological services and weather-related advice to government entities, civil aviation, marine operations, the military, media, and the general public, while ensuring adherence to regulations recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).